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Application of dispersion dye levelling agent in dyeing and polyester
Time：2021/12/27 21:45:52 Read：1482
Levelling agent for high temperature dyeing
When dyeing with disperse dyes at high temperature and high pressure, the dyeing uniformity is often caused by the poor dispersion, evenness and transfer of dyes and the improper control of heating rate. Especially, the fine denier polyester fiber has a small linear density, a larger surface area, a faster dyeing speed, and a tight fabric structure, which makes the dye difficult to dye through, resulting in a more prominent dyeing unevenness than conventional polyester fiber. High temperature dispersion levelling agent can improve the evenness of fabric and the quality of product.
Generally, non-ionic surfactant can be used as levelling agent for non-ionic disperse dyes, which can form hydrophobic combination and slow down the dyeing speed to achieve the purpose of levelling. Among the non-ionic dispersion homogenizers, polyoxyethylene ester type surfactants have better homogenization than polyoxyethylene ether type surfactants (the affinity of ester type to polyester is greater than that of ether type), and benzene ring type surfactants have better homogenization than fatty type surfactants.
However, non-ionic surfactants tend to lose water when dyeing polyester at high temperature, and the combination of oxygen ethylene chain and hydroxyl group, amino group in the dye molecule is physical loose adsorption, lack of ionic interaction force, poor dispersity and solubilization, and the use of low turbidity point non-ionic surfactants is easy to produce dye condensation. Because anionic surfactants can be adsorbed on the surface of the dye particles to form a strong negative charge layer, so that there is a strong electrical repulsion between the dye particles to form a stable dispersion state, the disperse dye association has a strong dispersion ability, thereby reducing its cohesion, so that the dye in the dye solution to maintain stability, It can solve the problem of dye aggregation caused by low turbidity point of non-ionic surfactants.
A high temperature homogenizer with good performance was prepared by using the synergistic effect and synergistic effect of non-ionic surfactant and anionic surfactant, and the different structures of each component had different effects. There are many high temperature leveling products made of negative/non-ionic surfactants (some with some carriers added). Among them, the different structures of each component have different functions, which can be divided into: 1) ethoxy structure can capture disperse dyes, increase dyeing sites and delay dyeing; 2) When the dyeing temperature reaches a critical value, the structure of aromatic compounds can make the polyester fiber rapidly plasticized and expanded, and the glass temperature of the polyester fiber decreases by 20 ~ 25℃, and the pores in the fiber increase significantly, so that the dyes can be rapidly and centrally dyed on the fiber. At the same time, it can also be used as a solvent to make the dye in the fiber desorption from the fiber and the obvious swimming (moving dye) to achieve uniform dyeing effect.
Some of the surfactant complex products have higher foaming ability, in the rapid dyeing machine and small bath than dyeing problems, so the need for low foam leveling agent. The solution is: adding defoaming agent, especially silicone defoaming agent, very effective at high temperature; Low foam products were obtained by copolymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
Levelling agent for thermal solution dyeing
In the process of thermal solution dyeing, disperse dyes often produce the phenomenon of swimming, so that the cloth surface appeared spots, Yin and Yang, stripe shadow and other defects, resulting in uneven dyeing. To solve this problem, anti-swimming agents must be used. There are two kinds of anti-swimming agents: one is sodium alginate; The other is a copolymer of acrylic acid. The homogenization of sodium alginate is not good, but the anti-swimming ability of acrylic copolymer is good, and there is no dye phenomenon.
When dyeing with disperse dyes at high temperature and high pressure, the dyeing uniformity is often caused by the poor dispersion, evenness and transfer of dyes and the improper control of heating rate. Especially, the fine denier polyester fiber has a small linear density, a larger surface area, a faster dyeing speed, and a tight fabric structure, which makes the dye difficult to dye through, resulting in a more prominent dyeing unevenness than conventional polyester fiber. High temperature dispersion levelling agent can improve the evenness of fabric and the quality of product.
Generally, non-ionic surfactant can be used as levelling agent for non-ionic disperse dyes, which can form hydrophobic combination and slow down the dyeing speed to achieve the purpose of levelling. Among the non-ionic dispersion homogenizers, polyoxyethylene ester type surfactants have better homogenization than polyoxyethylene ether type surfactants (the affinity of ester type to polyester is greater than that of ether type), and benzene ring type surfactants have better homogenization than fatty type surfactants.
However, non-ionic surfactants tend to lose water when dyeing polyester at high temperature, and the combination of oxygen ethylene chain and hydroxyl group, amino group in the dye molecule is physical loose adsorption, lack of ionic interaction force, poor dispersity and solubilization, and the use of low turbidity point non-ionic surfactants is easy to produce dye condensation. Because anionic surfactants can be adsorbed on the surface of the dye particles to form a strong negative charge layer, so that there is a strong electrical repulsion between the dye particles to form a stable dispersion state, the disperse dye association has a strong dispersion ability, thereby reducing its cohesion, so that the dye in the dye solution to maintain stability, It can solve the problem of dye aggregation caused by low turbidity point of non-ionic surfactants.
A high temperature homogenizer with good performance was prepared by using the synergistic effect and synergistic effect of non-ionic surfactant and anionic surfactant, and the different structures of each component had different effects. There are many high temperature leveling products made of negative/non-ionic surfactants (some with some carriers added). Among them, the different structures of each component have different functions, which can be divided into: 1) ethoxy structure can capture disperse dyes, increase dyeing sites and delay dyeing; 2) When the dyeing temperature reaches a critical value, the structure of aromatic compounds can make the polyester fiber rapidly plasticized and expanded, and the glass temperature of the polyester fiber decreases by 20 ~ 25℃, and the pores in the fiber increase significantly, so that the dyes can be rapidly and centrally dyed on the fiber. At the same time, it can also be used as a solvent to make the dye in the fiber desorption from the fiber and the obvious swimming (moving dye) to achieve uniform dyeing effect.
Some of the surfactant complex products have higher foaming ability, in the rapid dyeing machine and small bath than dyeing problems, so the need for low foam leveling agent. The solution is: adding defoaming agent, especially silicone defoaming agent, very effective at high temperature; Low foam products were obtained by copolymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
Levelling agent for thermal solution dyeing
In the process of thermal solution dyeing, disperse dyes often produce the phenomenon of swimming, so that the cloth surface appeared spots, Yin and Yang, stripe shadow and other defects, resulting in uneven dyeing. To solve this problem, anti-swimming agents must be used. There are two kinds of anti-swimming agents: one is sodium alginate; The other is a copolymer of acrylic acid. The homogenization of sodium alginate is not good, but the anti-swimming ability of acrylic copolymer is good, and there is no dye phenomenon.
